The relationship of the new trade protectionism and wto is dependable . the wto regulation is the result of the gambling of both the trade liberalization and the trade protection . meanwhile , the new trade protectionism ’ s legitimacy depends on the regulation of wto 基于对以上课题的关注,本文在对新贸易保护主义的理论和世界贸易组织规则研究的基础上,分析了新贸易保护主义的表现形式,并试图透过现象揭示保护的实质。
After uruguay round , the reformation direction of every country ' s international trade policy is to reduce tariff protection level . the international trade protection measures shift gradually and the non - tariff bulwark has become different countries " important international trade protection measure 乌拉圭回合后，降低关税保护水平成为各国贸易政策的改革方向，国际贸易保护手段逐渐转移，非关税壁垒逐渐成为各国贸易保护的重要手段。
This essay begins with three sources and six types of green trade barrier ( gtb ) , presents the special international economic background caused by gtb . it makes clear the nature of gtb : a means of trade protection and a tool of competition with false appearance 本文从对绿色壁垒三大渊源和六种表现形式的梳理开始，介绍催生绿色壁垒产生的特定国际经济背景，明确了绿色壁垒的实质是特定背景下的贸易保护手段，是国家间更具道义假象的竞争工具。
As the development of the world industrialization , the competitive edge has been being translated among various countries , so the contradiction between dumping and antidumping becomes more and more intense . besides , the ambiguity and flexibility of the three definite factors , including the existence of dumping , the consequent damage of dumping and the cause and effect between the dumping and the damage , have made the anti - dumping adopted into a kind of legal trade protection 随着世界工业化的发展，竞争优势在各国的转移，倾销与反倾销的矛盾更加尖锐，加之反倾销的三个确定条件(存在倾销事实、存在损害、倾销与损害之间有因果关系)模糊且富有弹性，反倾销便成为一种合法的贸易保护手段。
The industrial competitiveness is analysed above the following aspects : market supply and demond , price competitiveness , comparative superiority , technical potentialities and support policies . we raise some tacticses to the sustained growth of sugar industry , those are superior producing area construction , enhancing the key technical competitiveness , trade protection and support under the frame of wto , particularly disscuss the construction of sugar crop base and quality standard technical barrier . in the end , some policies for the sustained growth of sugar industry are provided 文中从市场需求、价格竞争、比较优势、技术发展潜力和政策保障等方而并结合案例分析了我国蔗糖产业发展的竞争潜力;提出了产业可持续发展的策略:建设优势产业带、培育核心技术竞争力、在w ’ l ， ( )框架下实施国内保护和支持，还分析了应用“绿箱” 、 “黄箱”政策加强糖料基地建设和构筑质量标准技术壁垒的建议，以及从宏观方面推动蔗糖业可持续发展的政策措施保障。
Based on study of the basic principles of service trade , trade protection of developed country and the current situat ions of chinese construction , this thesis probe the cutting points of trade protection after the accession to the wto , and find countermeasure and measure which trade protection take 本文在对wto关于建筑服务贸易的基本原则、中国建筑业的现状和发达国家实施贸易保护现状进行深入分析的基础上，探索中国加入wto后建设领域贸易保护的切入点，研究中国建设领域贸易保护应采取的对策和措施。
It seems to be true that the prevailing and ramification of gtp has seriously affected the international trade pattern and attracted much attention at home and abroad . but literature shows that , up to date , gtp has n ' t been formally and systematically investigated as a trade protection theory 本文分析绿色壁垒对我国农产品出口的影响,全文共分为三大部分:首先,本文回顾贸易保护主义演变轨迹,应用贸易保护理论较为系统地论述了绿色贸易保护主义的历史必然性及其对国际贸易的影响,并对引力模型进行综述。
It shows that technical barriers exert an influence on imports by virtue of quantity and price controlling mechanisms . as a special means to set up and maintain market economy , the technical barriers is essential and plays a positive role in trade . however , being a trade protection means , it has negative impacts on trade 本文认为，技术壁垒主要是通过数量和价格双重控制机制对进口品产生影响的，其技术壁垒性质的主要方面在于：它是建立和维持市场经济的技术手段，是正当的和必要的，具有促进贸易的积极作用：在次要方面，它是一种贸易保护的手段，具有阻碍贸易的消极作用。
Anti dumping procedures on the one hand are a way of trade protection , at the same time they also are the expanding of their domestic political disputes into the arena of international trade . in a considerable number of cases , foreigners allege that china is not a market economy , they claim that the government grants chinese companies subsidies and that for this reason the prices of chinese export do not properly reflect their market value . therefore , they turn to the prices of third countries as a measure to determine whether chinese products are dumped onto their markets 在不少的立案中，国外对我国的经济制度均采取了错误地理解，仍将我国视为非市场经济国家，认为政府过度的给予企业的资助和补贴致使我国出口价格不能真实地反映产品的市场价值，因而参照“替代国”的价格确定我国的正常值并以此为据裁定倾销；事实上，改革开放以来中国一直在向市场经济转型，经过十几年的发展，我国大部分企业已经成功地进行了体制上的改革，实现了产权明晰，政企分开，企业作为市场经济的主体独立地在市场上自主经营、自负盈亏，企业正在向市场化迈进，我国已经努力实现了取消全部的指令性计划，让市场按市场规律发展。
So this dissertation selects the angle of trade protection and related market competition to study the development of china equipment manufacturing industry . the trade protection theories have been evolved from traditional infant industry argument to modern strategic trade policy ( stp ) which is based on economies of scale and imperfect competition 英国、美国、德国等发达国家都是在贸易保护政策下完成了工业化进程,成为世界经济强国,新兴的日本、韩国也是在贸易保护政策的支持下快速发展成为世界装备制造强国。
